Cocaine Trafficking Increase and Preventive Measures
Rising cocaine production and shifting trafficking routes are posing significant risks to commercial vessels, emphasizing the importance of vigilance, preventative actions, and fair treatment of crews.
Current Trends in Cocaine Production
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reports that 2023 is set to be a record-breaking year for the global cocaine market, with production estimated at 3,708 tons—an increase of about one third compared to the previous year.
This growth primarily results from an expanded area of illicit coca bush cultivation in Colombia. Meanwhile, cultivation areas stabilized in Bolivia and declined slightly in Peru during 2023.
Trafficking Routes and Market Flows
The main trafficking routes continue from the Andean countries to North America and Europe. Europe sees cocaine transported either directly or via West and Central Africa.
UNODC highlights a dramatic increase in cocaine flows to Europe, as evidenced by rising seizure numbers and wastewater analysis indicating increased use, surpassing North America's market growth.
UNODC states, “Based on rising seizures and increasing cocaine use as indicated by wastewater analysis, cocaine flows to Europe have increased dramatically compared to North America.”
Additionally, recent seizure data reveal an expansion of cocaine trafficking into Asia.
Comparison with Other Drug Markets
In contrast, Afghan opium and heroin production and transport remain at their lowest levels since 2001.
According to UNODC, “Afghan opium and heroin production and transport remain at the lowest levels since 2001.”
Preventive Measures for Commercial Vessels
- Increased vigilance in monitoring shipping routes vulnerable to trafficking.
- Implementing preventive measures to protect crews and vessels.
- Ensuring fair treatment of crew members in cases of seizure or investigation.
These measures are crucial to counter the evolving challenges posed by the cocaine trade affecting maritime security.
Summary
The surge in cocaine production and changing trafficking patterns highlight urgent needs for vigilance and protective measures in the maritime sector to ensure vessel and crew safety amid expanding global drug flows.